projecting horizontal plane was thus narrowed at the
back, tending to produce a slight increase in air pressure
and velocity towards the rear end of the horizontal
plane. This has proved to remove all tendency for the
smoke to obstruct the driver's vision.
The sand box was moved forward and enclosed in the
cowling immediately behind the stack, under the smoke-
lifting plane. The bell was mounted on the engine
frame under the cowling at the front. Openings in
the cowling itself were provided over the whistle and
pipes whose position is unchanged.
The exterior of the cab is now blended into the boiler
cowling, and the cab windows are linked up with the
lines of the tender by gold stripes. The sides of the
tender are curved to conform to the curve of the cab
roof, although the top of the coal bunker is not actually
enclosed.
The colour of the locomotive is gun metal; the stripes
on the engine are made of stainless steel, as the hand
rails on the sides and front, and the winged emblem
in front of the stack.
The tender, which carries 25,000 gallons of water, is
joined to the locomotive with an outer diaphragm of
heavy sheet rubber, put up under tension, which makes
a smooth continuous surface while they are standing,
and stretches where necessary on curves.
The total weight of locomotive and tender is 280|
tonsthe total length is 95 feet. The locomotive has
a tractive effort of 44,460 lbs.
From this we pass to the Princess Anne, ferry boat of
the Virginia Ferry Corporation, built by the Sun Ship
building and Drydock Company. The design of this
vessel from the waterline upwards was executed by
Raymond Loewy in collaboration with the shipbuilders.
Although the Princess Anne is similar in machinery
and hull design to her sister ship the Delmarva, the
new design of superstructure and the accommodation
for passengers has been one of the great factors in the
development of the Ocean Highway between New
York and Florida.
Hitherto the Ocean Highway route has been un
popular with travellers covering the journey from
north to south through the eastern states of America
because the long arm of Chesapeake Bay caused con
siderable delay with its ferry service.
To overcome this drawback the Virginia Ferry Cor
poration has put into commission these two boats,
which cover the distance from Cape Charles to Little
Creek {w\ miles) in 1 hour 45 minutes.
Cars now arriving at either end of the ferry can be
driven directly over the gangway at either the bow
or stern, on to the main deck. Here there are six
lanesthe two centre for lorries, the outer lanes for
carswhich will take 60 to 75 in all without crowding.
The passengers have then a choice of spending their
pleasant sea voyage on the promenade or saloon deck.
On the former are the lunch counter, a dining room
enclosed in steel coamings with glass above which
allows an unrestricted view, and a dance floor.
Officers' accommodation is in the streamlined deck
house forward from the boat deck; galley and mess-
rooms for the crew are also forward. Aft are the
quarters for white and negro lorry drivers.
The superstructure is built of steel throughout; motor
driven fans give positive circulation of fresh air
throughout the ship, allowing a complete change of
air every five minutes in quarters, and every minute
in the galley and lunch counters.
The overall length of the Princess Anne is 260 feet,
her breadth is 59 feet, beam at waterline 42 feet, and
operating speed 18 statute miles per hour.
Lastly the new bus for the South Western Grey
hound Lines Inc. presents many sound features of
transport design from the point of view of appearance
and comfort.
Instead of luggage being packed on to the roof, while
the passengers have a restricted view from a low level,
the luggage is carried in holds below the floor of the
bus, while the passengers are raised to a height com
parative with that of the roof of an ordinary saloon.
The engine is placed in its logical position at the rear
where passengers are not annoyed by the fumes, heat
and noise. The exterior has been functionally stream
lined to reduce air resistance, while the well-known
Greyhound colours of white and grey are emphasized
in the decorative treatment.
Inside, the thirty-six passengers are accommodated
on individually-adjustable seats whose arms are
designed to conform to the natural position of the
human arm in repose. Tube lighting gives a good
reading light.
In these three cases the different sides of transport
problems have been attacked, and in each the three
primary demands of transportspeed, safety, and
comforthave been satisfied with the additions which
modern life demand, of luxury, amusement, and
prestige.
There has been no sacrifice of efficiency for appear
ance, as the old ideas of "artistic" treatment so often
demanded. Because the designer is also an engineer
the design is an integral part of the construction; its
beauty is the direct result of its utility, not an attempt
to disguise the workaday truth in a tinsel of make-
believe.
